Top 20 Front End Developer Interview Questions

New front-end developers starting their careers should understand this field’s fundamental terms and challenges. To prepare for interviews, they need to review and analyze common front end developer interview questions, which can boost their confidence. Moreover, this article is valuable for experienced developers, as it provides a comprehensive list of technical interview questions.

Front-End Developer Interview Questions for Freshers

Developers who want to gain enough knowledge to land a front-end development job should go through this section. Here, we have searched and listed down a few interview questions for a front-end developer to help them get their dream job. So, go through the frequently asked questions ahead and their ideal answers to appear well-prepared in your interview.

Question 1. Define HTML and its meta tags as a front-end developer

Interviewers are likelier to begin the interview with ice-breaking questions from candidates, which would be some basic terms. If you were asked about HTML, you must say that it stands for Hyper Text Markup Language and consists of different tags. Later, you must begin defining tags, which you can review in the given points:

Fit inside the head tag of an HTML page.
Meta tags might include data about character, description, document title, and encoding.
Always appear in value pairs or names.

Question 2. How would you create responsive designs if we appointed you a front-end developer?

Developing a responsive design is crucial to modern web development to ensure the application functions well on different operating systems. Therefore, the interviewer will definitely ask about your approach to creating a responsive design. To respond to this front-end web development interview question, you can memorize the below points as your answer:

By building a responsive layout with a CSS grid
Adding responsive media and images
Using Fluid layouts and grids
Applying responsive CSS properties like vh, vw, and percentage

Question 3. Clarify the distinguishing factor in JavaScript and jQuery.

When the interviewer asks you something, starting with “Clarify,” it means you need to keep the discussion to the point. Additionally, you must clearly and concisely explain the answer to such interview questions for front-end developers. Instead of diving into formalities, you can state that jQuery is a library built with the JavaScript language, while JavaScript is itself a language.

Question 4. As a fresher in front-end development, how would you describe some basic design elements?

It’s a basic question that interviewers always ask to judge your initial knowledge about the field. To address this front-end web development interview question, you can revise your concepts through the following points:

Size – the area occupied by one shape
Color – hue, value, and intensity
Line – marks created with a brush or a pen
Texture – smooth, soft, or hard surface of a shape

Question 5. Which skill should a developer acquire before appearing in front-end development interview questions?

Front-end development is a practical field that utilizes different web technologies to transform coded data into a user-friendly interface. It demands that you acquire essential skills before appearing in an interview, or you may have an idea about the needed ones.

This way, you might be considered an ideal candidate and answer the front-end developer interview questions well. Some of such skills include the knowledge of coding languages, frameworks, libraries, and preprocessors, as briefly explained ahead:

JavaScript: It is now impossible to visualize a website without JavaScript, making it a must-know skill of front-end development. It is also one of the three elements in front-end development, which needs to end up with a web page that must be rendered.
CSS: Cascading Style Sheets is responsible for the style of a web page like animations, layouts, and colors. Thus, developers must know it to control a web application’s formatting and layout.
HTML: Its full form is HyperText Markup Language, which depicts the content on the page, such as headings, links, and buttons. Developers are bound to use it to define and mark up content so browsers can display it correctly.
Version Control: Developers must also be aware of code tracking and modifications in a project to ensure version control. To facilitate this process, they must remember that Git software is used as a code tracker.
Testing and Debugging: Applications and sites may contain errors even after launch, which must be fixed for quality assurance. Therefore, a developer should learn how to recognize bugs and document code testing.

Question 6. Describe some distinctive elements between prototypal inheritance and class in JavaScript

For freshers, these front-end development interview questions prove confusing and tricky, so let us simplify it ahead:

JavaScript’s object system is prototype-based.
Objects are sets of name and value pairs.
JavaScript has a single construct, which is “Object.”
Each object has its private properties, including a link to another object.

Question 7. What are the best practices for using CSS and JavaScript near you?

In an interview, the interviewer isn’t just judging you on your skills, knowledge, and qualifications. Instead, your familiarity with the best practices in the field also counts regardless of whether you are a fresher. If you aren’t aware of some of these in CSS and JavaScript, review the following points, as they can be your front-end developer interview questions:

Avoid using a meaningful name to define a variable and create a global variable.
Always use modules to arrange code into reusable components.
Try to enable strict mode to identify common coding errors.
Always use methodologies like BEM to name conversations.
Create responsive layouts through media queries.
Avoid inline styles and keep styles in external CSS.
Try to combine CSS files to minimize the loading time.

Question 8. Tell us the basic elements used in an HTML document’s initial structure

The answer to this frequently asked interview questions for a front-end developer is listed below for your clarification:

!DOCTYPEhtm: represent HTML5 version
html: root element of HTML Doc.
head: contains metadata
title: contains the title of the document
body: content of the webpage in HTML tags format

Question 9. What are the issues developers usually face when running CSS in Internet Explorer (IE)?

Another interview question for front-end developers might be related to their familiarity with code running issues. Thus, you must know that the most common issue developers have historically faced is working with Internet Explorer. Although it’s a widely used browser, it lacks support for modern web standards and shows inconsistent behaviors. Let’s take a look at the list of hurdles it imposes on developers:

Lack of Flexbox and CSS Grid support
Inconsistencies in box model
Problems related to Z-index property
Double margin added to an element

Question 10. Explain when and why you should make use of Webpack as a front-end developer

Webpack has many benefits if used properly, which you can miss during the revision. Therefore, many job interviewers ask this front-end development interview question to evaluate freshers. In response to this question, you can say that Webpack can be used to create a complicated front-end application with tons of non-code static possessions.

Front-End Developer Interview Questions for Experienced

As you start striving for higher positions, you need to boost your development knowledge to impress the interviewers. In addition to basic knowledge, developers will want you to show problem-solving and leadership skills. We will help you gain such wisdom by using the following interview questions for a front-end developer.

Question 1. Explain all the steps you can take when utilizing Git for version control

You should have knowledge about the proper workflow of Git for version control to answer this front-end web development interview question. While explaining the work, senior developers can list the following steps to impress the interviewers:

Setting Up a Repository: First and foremost, you need to start a new project by navigating to the project directory and initializing a new repository. Moreover, developers who are already working on an existing project can choose to simply clone the repository to your local machine.
Making Changes: Moving forward, you need to make changes to your project files. For this purpose, developers can add new files or modify existing ones as needed.
Staging Changes: Once you are done making changes, it is time to add the changes to the staging area to prepare them for a commit.
Committing Changes: Now, you can record the staged changes in the repository with a descriptive commit message.
Collaboration: Finally, developers can make use of pull and push changes for collaboration purposes and commit to the remote repository.

Question 2. Can you talk us through methods to improve website loading speed?

Here, the intent of this interview question for front-end developers is to judge the number of methods you know about to optimize the loading speed of a website. Instead of going into the details of any particular methods, you should enlist multiple techniques to make a good impression.

Optimizing images using different tools and the right formats, including JPG.
Facilitating compression on your web server to reduce file size.
Minify CSS, JavaScript, and HTML.
Reducing server response time by distributing your content across multiple servers.
Avoid unnecessary redirects as they add additional HTTP requests.

Question 3. Explain the significance of the “viewport” tag in front-end app development

As a senior developer, you should handle this front-end developer interview question by explaining the technicalities of this term. For this purpose, you can explain that the “viewport” meta tag has the utmost significance due to its ability to control how a web page is displayed on different devices.

Furthermore, explain that this tag helps create responsive designs by ensuring content is appropriately scaled and readable. Therefore, the proper use of the viewport meta tag becomes essential for optimizing a website’s usability and performance on mobile devices.

Question 4. How will you be able to optimize JavaScript code for better web performance?

When answering this front-end developer interview question, you need to prove your value to help the interviewer understand how you will improve his websites. So, developers need to have knowledge of the following techniques to be able to improve the JavaScript code.

Remove Unused Code: You should explain the need to eliminate dead code and unused functions to reduce file size.
Defer Non-Critical JavaScript: Other than that, developers can talk about deferring attributes to load scripts without blocking page rendering.
Bundle JavaScript Files: Moreover, we recommend you combine multiple JavaScript files into a single file to reduce HTTP requests.
Use Code Splitting: Most importantly, you can discuss splitting code into smaller bundles that can be loaded on demand rather than all at once.

Question 5. How can you elaborate on the use case of the “transition” property in CSS for animations?

Junior developers and freshers will face difficulty answering questions related to website animation, so interviewers will judge your experience through such questions. So, you need to explain that the “transition” property helps developers create animations when properties change. By doing so, this property can play its role in enhancing user experience with visually appealing effects.

When explaining this front-end development interview question, developers should also mention that they can apply transitions by defining the duration and properties to animate. Using such a method, you can apply animated transitions, such as buttons changing color or menus sliding open.

Question 6. Clarify the distinguishing factors in the “GET” and “POST” methods

While answering this interview question for front-end developers, mention that both these HTTP methods serve different purposes in web communication. On one hand, “GET” requests to retrieve data from a server, which makes it suitable for bookmarking and caching but is limited in data length.

In contrast, “POST” requests send data to the server to create or update resources to provide greater security for sensitive information and no data length limitations.

Question 7. Talk us through the purpose of the “role” feature in HTML accessibility

Appearing in the interview for the role of a senior developer, you should have knowledge about complex terms and methodologies used in front-end development. So, when answering this front-end development interview question, you need to describe the significance of the “role” attribute, as explained below:

Role “button”: Indicates that an element functions as a button, even if it is not a button tag.
Role “navigation”: Denotes a navigation section, helping users quickly locate and navigate through menu items.
Role “main”: Identifies the main content area, allowing users to bypass repetitive sections and go directly to the primary content.

All these attributes help in web accessibility by providing explicit information about the purpose and function of an element of assistive technologies, such as screen readers. Moreover, it lets you define the type of user interface element presented, which makes web content more understandable.

Question 8. Give some details about the “flexbox” layout system in front-end development

Start replying to this front-end developer interview question by explaining that the Flexbox layout provides a way to distribute space among items in a container. Moreover, this system offers powerful alignment prowess and simplifies the process of creating complex layouts.

This layout system consists of properties, such as “flex-direction” and “justify-content,” to allow developers to control the alignment of space within the container effortlessly.

Question 9. What do you know about the event bubbling in JavaScript?

As a senior developer, you should describe the technicalities of event bubbling while answering this front-end development interview question. To do so, mention that it is a type of event propagation where an event starts from the deepest target element and then bubbles up to the outermost parent elements.

When an event occurs on an element, it first triggers handlers on that element, then on its parent, and so on, up to the root of the DOM tree. Therefore, this behavior allows for the creation of event listeners on parent elements to handle events for their children.

You can also impress the interviewer by explaining that it is the opposite of event capturing, where events are first captured by the outermost parent and then propagated down to the target element.

Question 10. Enlist the methods to ensure the accessibility of your website to everyone.

Through this interview question for a front-end developer, the interviewer will try to judge your expansive knowledge. So, you need to list down as many methods as you know to impress the interviewer with your answer.

Semantic HTML
Keyboard Navigation
Captions and Transcripts for Media
Responsive Design
Skip Navigation Links
Text Resizing
Focus Indicators
Error Identification and Suggestion
Accessible Widgets

How Can Front-End Developers Enhance Their Projects with ZEGOCLOUD?

Once you prepare all these front-end development interview questions, we guarantee you will be able to land your dream job. After getting the position, you can improve your productivity while developing apps and websites with the help of ZEGOCLOUD APIs. Front-end developers will be able to enjoy boundless UI customization options to build apps with an innovative look.

Moreover, you can make use of these APIs to integrate communication features within your applications. With the help of over 20 pre-built UIKits, front-end developers can create engaging apps in a short time without building from scratch.

Before building full-fledged apps, you can make prototypes using these APIs to impress the investors and upper management. Irrespective of your industry, ZEGOCLOUD has the best APIs and SDKs for your app development needs.

Conclusion

As we conclude, we have discussed all the front-end developer interview questions to help you impress the interviewers. After reading all these answers, you will be knowledgeable enough to land the dream job without any restrictions. Upon getting the job, developers can improve their workflow with the help of ZEGOCLOUD APIs, as they assist you in building apps and websites with pre-built UIKits.

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